The Optical Frequency Domain Reflectometry (OFDR) Distributed Strain/Temperature Sensing System is a precision distributed measurement device engineered for extreme environments, specifically designed for fusion experiments and the structural health monitoring (SHM) of high-end equipment. Utilizing single-mode fiber (SMF) as the sensing element, the system features intrinsic immunity to strong electromagnetic interference (EMI) and radiation. It delivers a spatial resolution of 1 mm over a 100 m single-ended measurement range. Integrated with an advanced optical module and a full-pipeline GPU-accelerated demodulation architecture, it achieves a single-frame processing time of ≤100 ms. This enables the precise capture of microstrain and transient temperature anomalies, maintaining highly stable measurement performance under extreme conditions such as severe interference and cryogenic temperatures. The system is widely applicable to SHM and distributed sensing scenarios in controlled nuclear fusion, aerospace, wind power, and high-end equipment manufacturing, providing precise sensory data to ensure the safe and steady-state operation of critical assets.